Oil-burning apparatus



E. L. WOOLLEY.

01L BURNING APPARATUS. I APPLICATION FILED, 050.29, I

mama Sept. '12, 1922,,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. L. W'OOLLEY.

OIL BURNING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1919.

AAQSfi'M, PatenfiedSept. 12, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 12, T1922.

STATES ERNEST L. WOOLLEY, 0F PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

OIL-BURNING: APPARATUS.

Application filed December 29, 1919. Serial No. 348,017.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERNEsT L. VVooLLnY, asubject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Providence, in thecounty of Provideuce, State of Rhode Island, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Apparatus, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to oil-burning apparatus for steam boilers orother furnaces, and consists in improvement-s in the construction,arrangement and method of operation of the same.

One object of the improvement is to provide an oil-burning apparatuswhich may be installed on coal-burning furnaces without alteration inthe structure thereof, and without requiring extensive fitting ormachine work thereon.

" Another object of the improvement is to provide an apparatus which issimple in construction, economical to manufacture, and proof againstderangement or getting out of order.

Another object of the improvement is to render the apparatus economicalto operate, easy to regulate, and convenient for cleaning or adjustment.

Another object of the improvement, is to render the apparatusuniversally adaptable for practically all types of boilers, andgenerally more efiicient and economical in oper-' ation than other typesof oil-burning furnaces now in use.

Further objects of the improvements will appear from the followingspecification,

' comprising a detailed description of one embodiment of the inventionas illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in'which like referencecharacters designate like parts. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a usual type of steam boiler furnaceshowing my improved oil-burning apparatus applied to use thereon;

Fig. 2, a front elevation of the apparatus;

Fig. 3, a vertical, sectional view of the casing of the apparatus takenon the line X-X of Fig. 1, and illustrating the manner in which it isfitted to the fire-door opening of the boiler;

. Fig. 4, a vertical, sectional view of the air-damper of the apparatus,taken on the line Y-Y of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5, an enlarged plan view of the coupling between the fuel feed-pipeand the burner-tube; and

Fig. 6, a vertical, sectional view of the same.

My improved apparatus is of that type in which the fuel oil is suppliedto the burner under pressure and forced through a nozzle which atomizesit into a conical spray without the use of steam or forced draft. Forthis purpose I preferably employ a burner having a central orifice withsmall oil-ducts leading tangentially thereinto, and a restricted openingthrough which the spray is discharged at high velocity. Such a form ofburner is described in my pending application for Letterslatent, SerialNo. 336,796, filed Nov. 10, 1919, but as this element of the apparatusforms no part of the present lmprovement it is not herein shownordescribed in detail.

Referring first to Fig; 1 of the drawings,

M designates the masonry of the boiler foundation, forming the fire-boxor combustion-chamber C'and ash-pit A, and S is the boiler erectedthereon. At the front of the boiler is the usual plate or casing Fprovided with the fire-door opening 0, and below it the ash-pit door D.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, my improved oil-burning apparatus isembodied in a main casing 2 which is constructed 'with a cylindricaltube 3 adapted for insertion through the fire-door opening 0 of theboiler furnace. For this purpose the original firedoor is removed fromits hinges and the casing 2 is provided with a flanged plate 4: whichfits in itsplace against the front of the casing F. The plate at followsthe conventional shape of the door which it displaces, being ofsubstantially rectangular outline with an arched top, as shown moreparticularly in Fig. 2. Around the margin of the plate 4 are suitableholes for the bolts 5 which fasten it to the boiler front suitablelining is packed around the tube 3 of the casing between its sides andthe walls of the door-opening 0. As illustrated in Fig. 3, T have foundit convenient to fit a metal ring 6 to the inner end of the tube 3 andto insert suitably shaped filling-blocks or bricks 7 of fire-claybetween the sides of i the tube and the walls of the opening 0.

v closure 18 above its central The ring 6 and blocks 7 are held in placeby a filling of cement 8 which renders the joint tight and provides apermanent lining or insulation for preventing the dis sipation of theheat from the flame of the burner B arranged within the casing.

At its forward end the cylindrical tube 3 of the casing 2 is flaredoutwardly in a funnel-like portion 9 which merges into an enlargedannulus 10 terminating in an inturned flange 11. The annulus 10 isformed with a cylindrical bearing seat 12 adapted to receive arelatively thin circular band or ring 13 on its periphery. The ring 13is provided with a plurality of rectangular openings or air-ports 14adapted to register with corresponding openings 15 cut throu h thehearing or annulus 10, see Fig. 4. n the side of the ring 13 is a handle16 by means of which it may be slid around the annulus 10 to open orclose the air ports 15. The ring 13 thus serves as a shutter or damperto regulate the admittance of air to the interior of the casing 2 tosupply the necessary draft to the burner B, in the manner as hereinaftermore fully explained.

The damper-ring 13 is held in place on the annulus 10 by the peripheralrim 17 of a plate or closure 18 which closes the outer end of the casing2, see Fig. 1. The closure 18 is constructed in the form of a concaveddisk of conical cross section, arranged with the apex of the coneprojecting into the interior of the annulus 10 to adapt its walls toserve as a deflector for the air currents entering through the ports 15.The closure 18 is held in place at the end of the casing 2 by means ofbolts 19 screwed into the flange 11 on the annulus 10. At the center ofthe closure or disk 18 is an opening 20 through which the burner pipe ortube 21 projects in axial relation to the casing-tube 3. At the side ofthe burner-opening 20 is a larger sight-opening 22 protected by a hingedcover plate 23 which may be swung to one side to allow inspection of theflame from the burner B.

pose of cleaning or adjusting the burner B carried at its inner end. Onthe front of the opening 20 is a boss 24 to which is attached a bracket25 held in place by bolts 26. Projecting forwardly from the foot of thebracket 25 is a pipe-coupling or union 27 into the side of which istapped a feed-pipe 28 leading up from the main fuel-supply orpressure-pipe 29. The feed-pipe 28 is joined to a union 30 on thesupply-pipe 29 with a shut-0E valve 31 interposed therebetween, and asecondhand-valve 32 at the side of the coupling 27 provides aconveniently disposed controlling-means for regulating the feed of theoil to the burner B. In the top of the union 27 isa pipe-plug 32 whichmay be removed to permit cleaning the oil passages.

-Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 6, the outer end of theburner-tube or pipe 21 is screwed into the lower branch of a U-shapedfitting 34, theupper end of which is adapted to be clamped against theouter end of the coupling 27. To provide a tight union at the jointbetween these parts their opposed faces are formed with complementaryannular grooves 35 and tongues 36 which fit together in male-and-femalefashion, as shown in Fig. 6. Referring to Fig. 5, the U-bend fitting 34is clamped against the coupling or union 27 by means of a yoke 37pivoted on bolts 38 screwed into bosses 39 on the opposite sides of thecoupling. At

the outer end of the yoke 37 is a hand-screw 40 having a pointed endwhich seats in a socket 41 in a boss 42 on the U-bend 34. A triangularlug 43 projects from the forward end of the U-bend 34 beneaththeend-piece of the yoke 37 to provide a stop to prevent the yoke 37from dropping down out of place should the screw 40 become loosened byaccident. The construction and arrangement of my improved apparatushaving now beendescribed in detail the method'of applying it to use willnext be explained.

- In installing the apparatus on any standard type of boiler-furnace thecoal grate is removed from the fire-box and the fire-door taken off fromits hinges. The tube 3 of the casing 2 is then inserted into thefire-door opening 0 with its flanged plate4 set against the boiler frontF. Suitably spaced holes are then drilled and tapped into the boilerfront or casing F and the bolts 5 inserted through the plate 4 andscrewed into the casing. The tube 3 fits quite snugly within the dooropening 0, but to render it tight end and the fire-bricks 7 packedaround its sides and cemented in place as illustrated in by means of theyoke 37 and screw 40, with the tube projecting axially into the casingtherewith the ring 6 is placed at its inner 2 through the opening 20 atits forward end. universal application to various types of The burner Bis thus held fixedly in place of the tube 3 with its'tube :21 conthroughthe coupling 27 with the axiall necte feed-pipe 28 leading from thesupply-pipe 29. The pipe 29 leads from the source of fuel supply and isusually connected with a heater by means of which the oil is heated tothe required temperature to render it more highly combustible. A pump orcompressor,

not herein shown, is also provided in the pipeline 29 whereby the fuelis fed under pressure in the usual manner as well known in the art.

When the valves 31 and 32 are opened the heated oil will be forcedthrough the pipe 28 and fed to the burner B by way of the coupling 27and tube 21. As the oil is ejected through the contracted opening in theburner B it is atomized and forced out in a conical spray, which whenignited, gives a flame of great intensity spreading out around the endof the tube 3 into the combustion-chamber C, as indicated in Fig. 1.

The feed of the fuel is regulated at the hand-valve 32 and the pressuremay be controlled to provide the proper degree of heat in accordancewith requirements. The combustion of the fuel is maintained under asuction draft admitted through the airports 15, and for this purpose theports l5 are opened to the required extent by turning the damper-ring 13on its annuluslO.

It is here particularly called to attention that as the air is drawnthrough the ports 15 under the suction of the spray forced through theburner -B,augmen'ted by the draft from the flue at the rear of thecombustion-chamber orfire-box C, the air currents will pass through thepartly opened ports at a tangent whereby a whirling action is set upwithin the combustion chamber. That is to say, the air is caused toswirl around the burner tube 21, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1,and as the currents impinge on the conical surface of the deflector-cone18 causing its particles to be more highly charged with oxygen, andhence increasing the combustion and minimizing the waste.

The flame from the burner is thus caused to generate a max1mum degree ofheat and the apparatus s therefore rendered more highly gfliclient, witha corresponding economy in It is also to be observed that the 1mprovedapparatus is adapted for practically" ticularly simple in construction;economical to manufacture; easy to operate; and much more efiicient inuse than other types of devices previously employed in the art.

Various modifications mightbe made in the structure and arrangement ofthe apparatus which would fall within the spirit and scope of thepresent invention, therefore, without limiting myself to the exactembodiment herein shown and described. what I claim is: I

1 In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a. tubular casingadapted to be inserted into the fire-door opening of a furnace andprovided with a funnel-shaped extension flaring outwardly a.considerable distance beyond: the front of the furnace with its maximumdiameter at the outer end and having air-ports spaced around thecircumference of the casing at its enlarged end, of a damper-ringrotatable on the enlarged annulus of the casing to adapt it to open andclose the air-ports, a fuel feed-pipe projecting axially into thecasing, an oil-burner on the feed-pipe positioned within the smallerdiameter of the casing at a distance inwardly beyond the air-ports, andmeans for connecting the feed-pipe with the source of fuel sup-ply.

2. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubularfunnel-shaped casing having its smaller end adapted to fit within thefire-door opening of a furnace and provided with a flange for bolting itto the frame thereof, said casing having its larger end flaringoutwardly a considerable distance beyond the front of the furnace andterminating in an enlarged annulus provided with air-ports spaced aroundits circumference, of a damper-ring rotatably mounted on the enlargedannulus and also provided with air-ports, .a closure for the outer endof the casing, a fuel-pipe projectingv through the closure axially intothe casing, an oilburner at the inner end of said pipe positioned withinthe smaller diameter of the casing at a distance inwardly beyond theair-ports, and means for connecting said pipe with the source of fuelsupply.

3. .In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a funnel-shapedtubular casing having its smaller end adapted to fit into the fire-dooropening of a furnace, said casing having its larger funnel end flaringoutwardly beyond the front of the furnace and terminating in an enlargedannulus provided with air-ports, of a damper-ring rotatably mounted onthe enlarged annulus and provided with cooperating air-ports, a closureat the outer end of the casing formed with a conical wall projectinginto the interior of the enlarged end of the casing with its apex at theaxis thereof to provide a deflector for the currents of air admittedthrough the ports, an oil pipe projecting through the center of theend-closure and axially into the casing beyond the air-ports, and anoilburner at the end of said pipe positioned within the smaller diameterof the casing.

4. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubularfunnel-shaped casing adapted to have its smaller end fitted into thefire-door opening of a furnace with its enlarged funnel end flaringoutwardly beyond the front of the furnace and formed with air-portsarranged circumferentially of its enlarged annulus, of a damper foropening and closing the air-ports, a closure at the outer end of thecasing formed with a conical wall projecting into the enlarged funnelend of the casing with its apex at the axis thereof, a fuel-pipeextending through the apex of the conical wall axially into the casingbeyond the air-ports, and an oil-burner at the end of the pipepositioned within the smaller diameter of the casing.

5. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubularfunnel-shaped casing having its smaller end adapted to fit within thefire-door opening of a furnace and its enlarged funnel end flaringoutwardly to a considerable distance beyond the front of the furnacewith air-ports arranged circumferentially of its enlarged annulus, of aconical concaved closure fitted to the enlarged funnel end of thecasing, a burner-tube projecting through the closure axially into thecasing, a burner at the end of the tube positioned within the smallerdiameter of the casing, a. fuel feed-pipe, and coupling means fordetachably connecting the burner-tube with the feed-pipe while providingfor its removal therefrom for cleaning or adjustment.

6. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubular casingadapted for insertion into the fire-door of a furnace and provided witha funnel-shaped extension projecting outwardly beyond the front of thefurnace, of a closure at the outer funnelsha-ped end of said casing, abracket mounted on said closure and carrying a pipe-coupling aburner-pipe projecting through the closure into the casing, a U-bendfitting to the end of the burner-pipe, and a yoke shaped clamp forclamping the U-bend against the coupling to support the burnerpipe inplace while connecting it with the coupling.

7. In an oil-burning apparatus, the com bination with a tubular casingadapted for insertion into the fire-door opening of a furnace andprovided with a funnel-shaped extension projecting forwardly therefrom,of a concaved closure at the forward end of the casing, a pipe-couplingmounted thereon, a

fuel feed-pipe leading into the coupling, a

burner-tube projecting through the closure into the casing, anoil-burner at the inner end of the tube, a U-bend at the outer end ofthe tube adapted to fit against the coupling, a yoke pivoted on thecoupling to adapt it to swing down over the U-bend, and a. handscrew onthe yoke adapted to be screwed against the U-bend to clamp theburner-tube in place while adaptlng 1t for convenient detachment forcleaning or adjustment.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

ERNEST L. WVOOLLEY.

